Autoimmune Vasculitis
A comprehensive range of enzyme immunoassays and immunofluorescence assays is available from Binding Site for the investigation of vasculitis.
Vasculitis
Vasculitis encompasses a large and heterogeneous group of disorders that vary considerably in their clinical presentations. As a consequence these diseases can be difficult to diagnose. An attempt to classify the diverse forms of vasculitis resulted in the Chapel Hill International Consensus definitions, which used vessel size as the determinant of classification.
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA) - associated systemic vasculitides including Wegener's granulomatosis (WG), Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) are commonly described as small vessel vasculitides. These diseases are characterised by inflammation and necrosis of blood vessels, and typically have focal necrotising lesions that affect various vessels and organs.
Prior to the use of immunosuppressive drugs and ANCA testing, these diseases were often fatal, with biopsy of a relevant organ (typically kidney, nasal mucosa or occasionally lung) being required in order to establish diagnosis. For succesful treatment, vasculitis must be recognised and treated early to prevent permanent scarring. ANCA are now widely used as diagnostic markers for vasculitis and have had a dramatic impact on clinical outcomes.
ANCA
ANCA are autoantibodies that react with neutrophil specific antigens. The major ANCA antigens in patients with primary systemic small vessel vasculitis are the enzymes myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase-3 (PR3) which are present within neutrophil granules.
Clinical Significance
Anti-PR3 antibodies are the most frequent specificity in WG patients, with levels being raised in active disease. Consequently anti-PR3 detection is a useful monitor of disease activity in treated patients. Anti-MPO antibodies are more common in MPA and CSS patients and occur in 77-100% of ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis cases.
| Description | Wells | Code |
|---|---|---|
| ANCA COMBI kit | 10 x 5 | FK018 |
| ANCA ethanol kit | 10 x 5 25 x 10 | FK016 FK016.1 |
| ANCA formalin kit | 10 x 5 | FK017 |
| Ethanol-fixed neutrophil slides | 10 x 5 25 x 10 | FS016.1 FS016.2 |
| Formalin-fixed neutrophil slides | 10 x 5 25 x 10 | FS017.1 FS017.2 |
| Description | Pack | Code |
|---|---|---|
| Anti MPO IgG EIA | 96 test 10 x 96 test | MK031 MK031.10 |
| Anti PR3 IgG EIA | 96 test 10 x 96 test | MK032 MK032.10 |
| ASCA IgG EIA | 96 test | MK053 |
| ASCA IgA EIA | 96 test | MK054 |
- Download literature - Autoimmune Vasculitis - Code MKG262
- Download SPANISH Literature - Autoimmune Vasculitis - Code MKG359
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Kidney glomeruli image courtesy of Susumu Nishinaga/Science Photo Library
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